The Shekel in Ancient Civilizations | ||
| Athar Alrafedain | ||
| Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2024, Pages 161-196 PDF (7.74 M) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.33899/aa.2024.181694 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Adnan Ahmad Abudayyah* 1; Dalia Ilyas Zalloum2 | ||
| 1Department of Tourism and antiquities/ Al-khalil University / Palestine. | ||
| 2Department of Tourism and antiquities/ Al-Khalil University / Palestine. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The research paper focuses on tracing the historical and cultural roots of the shekel and its nomenclature in the civilizations of the ancient near east before it was adopted by the Zionist Entity in the year 1980 to become its main currency. And that is by talking about the functions of the shekel in ancient civilizations, starting with Mesopotamia and the neighboring and affiliated provinces in the Levant in the third millennium until the sixth century BC, and its impact on the changes of the economic system there. From dealing with it as an intermediate commodity to the emergence of silver coins from the shekel, and its spread in large places in the countries of the Near East in the Lebanese Phoenician cities: such as: Tire, Sidon and Byblos, then the spread of striking the shekel in the countries that were controlled by the Phoenicians in Carthage in North Africa, the Iberian Peninsula and Italy. The research dealt with the relationship of the shekel with the Bible, with its two parts, the Old Testament and the New Testament. The article also discussed what was done later by the Jewish revolution against the Romans in striking the shekel coin, imitation of the striking cities of Tire, Sidon and other cities in the neighboring region. Some examples of the shekel coin have been cited in all stages of its appearance in ancient civilizations, and the influences between them have been monitored. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Coin; Shekel; Silver; Tire; Weight | ||
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