Some Heavy Metals Status and Water quality parameters of Darbandikhan Dam, Sirwan and Tanjaro | ||
| Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences | ||
| Article 11, Volume 14, Issue 1, March 2023, Pages 131-150 PDF (2.34 M) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.58928/ku23.14111 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Daban Ali1; Nasreen Abdulrahman* 2; Bayan Rahim1 | ||
| 1Department of Natural Resources/ College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences/ University of Sulaimani /Sulaimaniyah/ Iraq | ||
| 2College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Sulaimani / Sulaimaniyah/ Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Three stations were used for this study, including the Darbandikhan Dam at coordinates 35°7'16"N, 45°43'18"E, the Sirwan River at coordinates 35°7'17"N, 45°50'54"E, and the Tanjaro River at coordinates 35°14'22"N, 45°51'58"E, to examine the concentration of heavy metals there over a six-month period. The studied heavy metals include Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Co and Cr analyzed by ICP-OES (Spectro acros). Temperature values range between 13-30.9 Cº, Dissolved Oxygen value ranged between 4.82- 9.5 mg L-1, pH values varied between 6.11-7.97, Total Hardness level exceed (100mg L-1), The sulphate value was between 51 and 145 mg L-1, Nitrate values ranged from 3.01 to 14.7 mg L-1, The range of electrical conductivity of this study was 191 to 595 µs cm-1, The concentration of calcium ions (Ca2+) was between 48-104 mg L-1, Magnesium concentration was between 12.6-40 mg L-1. Hg, Cr and Cd were below detectable level, the Pb was higher in August 2021, Cu in September 2021 in Darbandikhan Dam. In Tanjaro River Site each of Cd and Hg were below detectable level, the Cr, Co, Cu and Pb were higher in October 2021. In Sirwan River Site each of Cd Hg were below detectable level, Cr, Co, Cu and Pb were higher in August 2021. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Heavy Metals; Water quality; Darbandikhan Dam; Sirwan; Tanjaro rivers | ||
| References | ||
|
[1] Amanullah, Khan M. W (2011). "Interactive effect of potassium and phosphorus on grain quality and profitability of sunflower in northwest Pakistan." Pedosphere 21, 532–538.
[2] Van Der Merwe, R., M.T., Labuschagne, L. Herselman, and A, Hugo (2015). "Effect of heat stress on seed yield components and oil composition in high- and mid-oleic sunflower hybrids." S Afr J Plant Soil 32:121–128.
[3] Moriondo, M., C. Giannakopoulos , M. Bindi (2011). "Climate change impact assessment: the role of climate extremes in crop yield simulation." Clim Change 104:679–701.
[4] Chimenti C.A., J.I. Hall (2001). "Grain number responses to temperature during floret differentiation in sunflower." Field Crops Res. 72:177–184.
[5] Hussain, S., M. F. Saleemb, J. Iqbala, M. Ibrahima, M. Ahmadd, S. M. Nadeeme, A. Alic and S. Attaa, 2015. "Abscisic acid mediated biochemical changes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) growth under drought and well-watered field conditions. The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 25(2): 406-416.
[6] Finkelstein, R. R., S. S. L. Gampala, and C. D. Rock (2002). "Abscisic acid signalling in seeds and seedlings." Plant Cell 14: 15–45.
[7] Pustovoitova, T. N., N. E. Zhdanova, and V. N. Zholkevich (2004). "Changes in the levels of IAA and ABA in cucumber leaves under progressive soil drought." Plant Physiology(Russia) 51: 513–517.
[8] Hussain, s., A. Muhammad. A. Saeed. I. Javaid. S. Muhammad. N. Sajid Sagheer. and I. Muhammad, (2013). "Improvement of Drought Tolerance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) By Foliar Application of Abscisic Acid and Potassium Chloride." Pak. J. Nutr.12(4): 345-352.
[9] Sharp, R. E (2002). "Interaction with Ethylene: Changing views on the role of abscisic acid in root and shoot growth responses to water stress." Plant Cell and Environment. 25: 211-222.
[10 ]Wilmowicz, E., R. kesyj. and j. korpcewicz (2008). "Ethylene and ABA interactions in the regulation of flower induction in Pharbitis nil." J. Plant Physiol. (28):165:187-198.
[11] Travaglia, C., A. Cohen, H., Reinoso, C., Castillo, and R., Bottini (2007). Exogenous Abscisic Acid Increases Carbohydrate Accumulation and Redistribution to the Grains in Wheat Grown Under Field Conditions of Soil Water Restriction." J Plant Growth Regul (26): 285–289.
[12] Travaglia, C., H., Reinoso, A., Cohen, C., Luna, E., Tommasino, C., Castillo, and R., Bottini (2010). "Exogenous ABA increases yield in field-grown wheat with moderate water restriction." Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 29(3), pp.366-374.
[13] Travaglia, C., G., Balboa, G. Esposito, H. Reinoso (2012). "ABA action on the production and redistribution of field-grown maize carbohydrates in semiarid regions." Plant Growth Regul. 67: 27–34.
[14] Herna´ndez, F ., M. Poverene, and A. Presotto, (2018). "Heat stress effects on reproductive traits in cultivated and wild sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): evidence for local adaptation within the wild germplasm." Euphytica, 214:Article Number: 146
[15] Zhang, J. and W.J. Davies (1991). Anti-transpiration activity in xylem sap of maize plants. J. Exp. Bot. 42: 317–321.
[16] Villalobos, F.J., A.J., Hall, J.T., Ritchie, F. Orgaz (1996). OILCROP-SUN: a development, growth, and yield model of the sunflower crop." Agronomy Journal 88: 403–415.
[17] Soleimanzadeh, H., D. Habibi, M.R. Ardakani, F. Paknejad and F. Rejali (2010). "Effect of Potassium Levels on Antioxidant Enzymes and Malondialehyde Content under Drought stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)." American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences. 5(1): 56-61.
[18] Martin, J. H. and W.H. Leonard (1949). "Crop Plants in Relation to Environment: In, Principals of Field Crops Production." The Macmillan Company. New Yor. Pp 15-50.
[19] Gholamhoseini, M. A., A. Ghalavand, E. Dolatabadian, A. Jamshidi and A. Khodaei-Joghan (2013). "Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation on growth, yield, nutrient uptake and irrigation water productivity of sunflowers grown under drought stress." Agricultural Water Management.117 : 106–114.
[20] Rondanini, D., R. Savin, A.J. Hall (2003). "Dynamics of fruit growth and oil quality of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) exposed to brief intervals of high temperature during grain-filling." Field Crops Research83: 79–90.
[21] Dekkers, B.J.W., L. and Bentsink (2015). "Regulation of seed dormancy by bscisic acid and delay of germination." Seed Science Research 25; 2: 82- 98. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 43 PDF Download: 56 |
||