Is Mosul University Campus Comfortable for Walking? | ||
| Al-Rafidain Engineering Journal (AREJ) | ||
| Article 7, Volume 28, Issue 1, March 2023, Pages 74-88 PDF (2.12 M) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2023.136856.1213 | ||
| Author | ||
| Rawia Marwan Dabdoob* | ||
| Architecture Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Universities worldwide are essential institutions to upgrade society. Recently, the University of Mosul underwent certain circumstances after the 2003 and 2016 times of wars that varied among urban expansion, renovation, and rebuild some affected or demolished buildings, roads, walkways, and sidewalks. Hereupon, this research aims at measuring students´ comfort walking. This research contributes by advocating mobility network development on the main Campus. Six components involved with comfort walking were addressed namely: personal preferences, connectivity, accessibility, safety, convenience, and attractiveness. The study focused on the main Campus. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were adopted in data collection and analysis including observation, photography techniques, and questionnaire survey. The sample of the study subjected the students who usually walk on the Campus. The findings reveal that the Campus generally gives the students a comfortable walking experience. Particularly, there is an agreement on connectivity aspects, moderate evaluation for accessibility aspects, agreement to some extent with safety aspects, moderate evaluation for convenience aspects, as well as attractiveness aspects. Besides, the findings indicate a requirement for further improvements especially in providing transportation services in the University for long distances, improving the physical elements, services, and facilities, which need more maintenance. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Campus; comfort walking; comfort walking components; comfort walking aspects | ||
| References | ||
|
[1] N. T. Putri, E. Amrina, and S. Nurnaeni, “Students’ Perceptions of the Implementation of Sustainable Campus Development Based on Landscape Concepts at Andalas University,” Procedia Manufacturing, vol. 43, pp. 255–262, 2020.
[2] F. Matloob, A. Sulaiman, T. Ali, W. Wan, and W. Wan Mohd Rani, “THE CONTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURAL LAYOUT TO CAMPUS SUSTAINABILITY-THE CASE OF IRAQI CAMPUS Sense of Place View project Development of An Integrated Framework for Solving Housing Project Delays in Post-Disaster Reconstruction View project,” 2014. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301629917
[3] D. Kumar, “Walkability as an indicator of informal creative spaces within higher education campuses,” 2017. [Online]. Available: https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT1703020.pdf
[4] S. M. Sharif, I. A. M. Selamat, R. Murdad, and J. Gobilik, “Exploring Campus Walkability in Universiti Malaysia Sabah,” CLIMATE CHANGE AND CAMPUS SUSTAINABILITY, no. 5RCCS2018, p. 204, 2018.
[5] X. Li et al., “Evaluating Walkability and Bikeability in a Campus Setting,” Politics, Bureaucracy & Justice, vol. 5, no. 2, 2016.
[6] R. Rafiemanzelat, M. I. Emadi, and A. J. Kamali, “City sustainability: the influence of walkability on built environments,” Transportation research procedia, vol. 24, pp. 97–104, 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.074.
[7] E. Choi, “Understanding Walkability : Dealing with the complexity behind pedestrian behavio'r,” in 9th International Space Syntax Symposium, Seoul, Sejong University 2013, 2013.
[8] M. Liu, S. Zhao, and J. Li, “Associations among perceived built environment, attitudes, walking behavior, and physical and mental state of college students during COVID-19,” Travel behaviour and society, vol. 28, pp. 170–180, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.tbs.2022.04.003.
[9] S. Makki, M. Surat, A. I. Che-Ani, H. Farkisch, and H. R. Mokhtarian, “THE IMPORTANCE OF DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS IN WALKING FROM STUDENT’S PERSPECTIVE: A CASE STUDY IN UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA.,” Journal of Building Performance, vol. 3, no. 1, 2012.
[10] E. T. H. Chan and T. E. Li, “The effects of neighbourhood attachment and built environment on walking and life satisfaction: A case study of Shenzhen,” Cities, vol. 130, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103940.
[11] H. A. Karim and D. I. Azmi, “Convenience and Safety of Walking Experience in Putrajaya Neighbourhood Area,” Procedia Soc Behav Sci, vol. 101, pp. 318–327, Nov. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.07.206.
[12] F. Moayedi et al., “Jurnal Teknologi Conceptualising the Indicators of Walkability for Sustainable Transportation,” Jurnal teknologi, vol. 65, no. 3, 2013.
[13] M. Attard, C. Cañas, and S. Maas, “Determinants for walking and cycling to a university campus: Insights from a participatory Active Travel workshop in Malta,” Transportation Research Procedia, vol. 52, pp. 501–508, 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.trpro.2021.01.059.
[14] J. Zakaria and N. Ujang, “Comfort of Walking in the City Center of Kuala Lumpur,” Procedia Soc Behav Sci, vol. 170, pp. 642–652, Jan. 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.066.
[15] N. A. Rahman, S. Shamsuddin, and I. Ghani, “What Makes People Use the Street?: Towards a Liveable Urban Environment in Kuala Lumpur City Centre,” Procedia Soc Behav Sci, vol. 170, pp. 624–632, Jan. 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.064.
[16] M. J. Koohsari et al., “The relationship between walk score® and perceived walkability in ultrahigh density areas,” Prev Med Rep, vol. 23, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101393.
[17] The official site of University of Mosul. University of mosul with numbers.[Online]. Available: https://www.uomosul.edu.iq/news/ar/home_page/23324.
[18] R. N. R. Ariffin and R. K. Zahari, “Perceptions of the Urban Walking Environments,” Procedia Soc Behav Sci, vol. 105, pp. 589–597, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.062.
[19] A. A. Zuniga-Teran et al., “Designing healthy communities: Testing the walkability model,” Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 63–73, Mar. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.foar.2016.11.005.
[20] E. Cubukcu, “Walking for Sustainable Living,” Procedia Soc Behav Sci, vol. 85, pp. 33–42, Sep. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.335.
[21] N. Ujang, A. Salim, and S. Maulan, “THE INFLUENCE OF CONTEXT AND URBAN STRUCTURE ON THE WALKABILITY OF BUKIT BINTANG COMMERCIAL DISTRICT, KUALA LUMPUR,” ALAM CIPTA, International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Design Research and Practice, vol. 5, no. 1, 2012.
[22] K. Dovey and E. Pafka, “What is walkability? The urban DMA,” Urban Studies, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 93–108, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1177/0042098018819727.
[23] R. Hashim, S. Haron, S. Mohamad, and F. Hassan, “Assessment of Campus Bus Service Efficacy: An Application towards Green Environment,” Procedia Soc Behav Sci, vol. 105, pp. 294–303, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.031.
[24] R. P. Cadena, M. O. de Andrade, L. H. Meira, and A. B. de Freitas Dourado, “The pursuit of a sustainable and accessible mobility on university campuses,” Transportation Research Procedia, vol. 48, pp. 1861–1880, 2020. doi: 10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.220.
[25] [18] S. Shamsuddin, N. R. A. Hassan, and S. F. I. Bilyamin, “Walkable Environment in Increasing the Liveability of a City,” Procedia Soc Behav Sci, vol. 50, pp. 167–178, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.08.025.
[26] K. Hamad, P. T. T. Htun, and L. Obaid, “Characterization of travel behavior at a university campus: A case study of Sharjah University City, UAE,” Transp Res Interdiscip Perspect, vol. 12, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.trip.2021.100488.
[27] F. A. Matloob and H. H. Alsoofe, “Performance of Outdoor Physical Character of Kirkuk University Campus,” Sustainable Resources Management Journal, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–29, 2018, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.1154261.
[28] N. Z. Harun, A. Nashar, and S. Bachok, “WALKABILITY FACTORS FOR A CAMPUS STREET,” Journal of the Malaysian Institute of Planners, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 45-55, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v18i11.708.
[29] L. M. Raswol, “Qualitative Assessment for Walkability: Duhok University Campus as a Case Study,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 978, no. 1, Dec. 2020. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/978/1/012001.
[30] A. M. S. Mohammed, T. Ukai, and M. Hall, “Towards a sustainable campus-city relationship: A systematic review of the literature,” Regional Sustainability, vol. 3, no. 1., pp. 53–67, Mar. 01, 2022. doi: 10.1016/j.regsus.2022.03.004.
[31] D. K. Hassan and A. Elkhateeb, “Walking experience: Exploring the trilateral interrelation of walkability, temporal perception, and urban ambiance,” Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 516–539, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.foar.2021.02.004.
[31] L. Ken Keat, N. Mohd Yaacob, and N. Rasidah Hashim, “CAMPUS WALKABILITY IN MALAYSIAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES: A CASE-STUDY OF UNIVERSITI MALAYA,” Planning Malaysia, no. 5, 2016. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 227 PDF Download: 230 |
||