Social Background of Peptic Ulcer Patients in Mosul City: A Case-control Study | ||
| Medical Journal of Tikrit | ||
| Article 1, Volume 18, Issue 182, December 2012, Pages 57-66 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Duha E. Al- Matheedee; Humam G. Al-Zubeer Rafe H. Al-Kazzaz Rami M. Adil Khalil | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The incidence of gastric and duodenal ulcer is characterized by pronounced geographical and temporal variations which suggest that important environmental factors must play a part in the etiology of both diseases. The aim of the present study is to determine the sociological risk factors in the development peptic ulcer in the study sample in Mosul city. Study design: Age and sex matched case-control design. Study period: 15th May 2009 to 15th May 2010. One hundred eighty new cases of peptic ulcer were collected from endoscope unit in Ibn-Sena General Teaching Hospital in Mosul and 240 controls persons (not having peptic ulcer) community and hospital based age and sex matched control group include healthy peoples; medical students and their families and friends also relatives of patients from other hospitals in the Mosul Medical City were also collected. Interview questionnaire was adopted as a data collection tool. Outcome measures: Odd`s ratio and its 95% confidence interval. Results: The mean age of the study sample was 41.8 ± 6.45 years for cases and 39.9 ± 7.74 years for controls. Regarding social habits; cigarettes smoking was found to be highly associated with the development of peptic ulcer disease and it was dose-related (OR=2.30, 95% CI: 1.20; 4.39, p= 0.011 for heavy smokers), and also for coffee drink ≥ 3 cups /day (OR= 2.20, 95% CI: 1.11; 4.35, p= 0.021). Whereas, high fiber diet (vegetables, fruits, legumes and cereals fibers) appears to be protective against occurrence of peptic ulcer disease (OR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.35; 0.77, p= 0.001). In respect to personal characteristics; positive family history and personality type A were found to have positive impact in the development of peptic ulcer disease (OR=2.94, 95% CI: 1.65; 5.26, p= 0.000) and (OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.10; 2.80, p= 0.028) respectively, as well as stressful life events (OR=2.15, 95% CI: 1.45; 3.19, p= 0.000). While high crowding index, occupation, level of education, residence (urban or rural) and excessive tea drinking appear to do nothing in the occurrence of peptic ulcer disease. Conclusion: The etiology of peptic ulcer disease is multifactorial. Cigarettes smoking, coffee drinking, positive family history of peptic ulcer disease, low fiber diet, stressful life events and personality type A were the main risk factors for incident peptic ulcer disease in Mosul studied sample. | ||
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