The reality of education and human development requirements | ||
| magazine of college Administration&Economics for economic &administration & financial studies | ||
| Article 1, Volume 260, Issue 7, December 2012, Pages 1-27 | ||
| Abstract | ||
| With the growing global interest in human development and evolution approach development in the construction of economic and social plans crystallized the relationship between development and human to make him the goal and purpose of development, but to what extent is compatible attention to human development in Iraq with developments relationship characteristics of social and economic him with political and security conditions and environmental ... Etc. and how the influence of intersecting trends to those characteristics and as Matardt conditions for natural change in its tracks. As gathering methods of measurement and analysis of different considering education and indicators one key areas adopted in measuring the level of human development and poverty measurement and living conditions, in different approaches measurement and analysis it is considered in our time an expression of the human right to know, as it reflects the need for education as a necessity economic and social, level of education closely linked to the conditions of living and related indicators inside as well as the demographic characteristics of the family and lifestyles and behavioral pursued and indicators correct knowledge commodity in the Public Interest support the economy and the political environment, communities and spread in all aspects of human activities and stop the value of knowledge for development over the effective application of this requires pursuit quest to establish a society based on knowledge and the development of strategies that integrate absorb knowledge acquisition and dissemination. In Iraq, which he defined the world as a country of civilization and culture, first appeared when writing saw the educational system in general (Education - Higher Education) variation in the levels it was this system is one of the best systems in the Middle East until 1980 and since then, due to the scarcity of resources and the politicization of this system and the brain drain from abroad in pursuit of livelihood and safety make this educational system in the lowest level in the Middle East was responding to adapt higher education with emerging requirements very slow, which led to the weakening of its association with levels of education to other countries as well as the weakening of its association with the requirements of the labor market. The education system in Iraq is subject to the central authority of the state and all its stages of study except universities and colleges that participate in the implementation of some professional organizations, which are educational policies subject to the educational system, which puts the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, which holds a strategy this stage educational mission in Iraq. Since the founding of the Iraqi state in 1921 sharing sectors, public and private, the task of providing and financing service educational where, although rates tend to favor the first in most periods, but the spread of socialist ideas and the growing role of government in economic and social life in Iraq resulting from feeling plenty of cash revenues rentier oil which was the basis for the growth of centralized totalitarian state where that provide public services. Creating an objective basis because the system is Altriue Since 1974 (Act free education) government fully State seeks to have been free in all its stages and compulsory primary him with promises repeatedly expanded mandatory that, which made the educational system a key part of the government system and Pat follower dependency Full him, and reflected upon all fluctuations political administration of the government directly, has resulted in this link a clear reduction in the measurement of the efficiency of government spending on education sector through indulgence in measuring the efficiency of the performance of exchange driven illusion cash generated from revenue sources rentier oil, did not stands only problem for financing and Tzbzbath according to fluctuations in those revenues, the importance of this, but the most important of which is the lack of objective criteria that determine how drainage channels and flexibility to confront the waves rise and fall in financial size. And as a form of link, and as a result of accelerated growth in the economic and financial performance in Iraq during the contract the seventies and eighties of the last century, the period witnessed mature ahead of the educational process in Iraq, as measured by indicators quantitative rates enrollment, registration and reached 100% in years superseded while He joined up students over the legal age of education, and fell largely dropout rates and repetition rates in grades all, in addition to the relative success of the literacy campaign then where form feeling plenty of cash resulting from the abundance of oil and high prices with relative progress in the productive economy, a cover financially significant enabling education system to respond rapidly to demand increased social education and resulting from reduced (but erase) unemployment of all kinds and the situation continues to be reflected effects of war eight years with Iran since dropped GNP in Iraq, as well as decreased export of oil and began landmarks Iraqi crisis structural bloom landmarks as the accumulation of public debt and stumbled wheel production. And increased landmarks unemployment and taken thousands of graduates to the battlefields, which led to the dissolution relationship between the demand for education and economic performance and those due wishing inherent to the educational system in Iraq and turned, as a result of repeated wars and sanctions, to chronic disease could not educational system get rid of it after All these effects reflected a deficit sustained in the budget in general and was the educational sector in all stages of the first affected were down budget educational (current and Alasosmaria and for the latter to some extent the lack of effect) and that was ushered into the educational system tunnel degradation and rapid decline in the indices of different and no longer useful (power authoritarianism) pursued by the former regime preventing deterioration enrollment and dropout indicators and playback. The nineties of the last century to add another war (war invasion of Kuwait 1991) and enter the Iraqi economy after tunnel blockade and economic collapse horrible one hand, and on the other impacted negatively effects rotate wealth Iraqi natural and productive towards militarization and security, which led to lower rates of public funding for sectors other than Military and non-security, particularly the educational sector, and with defending human needs and social prioritizing government spending, which has become low already. Unfortunately the quota sector educational low to the extent that failed to save him did not prevent the leakage of hundreds of thousands of teachers and teachers after declining real value and cash for salaries and did not succeed for the investment budget allocated educational reduce Ajzalmtsara in school buildings and other educational supplies. Then came the events of overthrow of the former regime 9/4/2003 and the concomitant destruction of the educational infrastructure, whether as a result of military operations of the occupation, or the subsequent terrorist operations are still growing facts not to mention not absorb the impact of the rapid growth in the stress factors on the educational system such as the growth of the population, for example, and social mobility, all those factors added another burden on the heavy legacy of the educational system at all. As for higher education is the other suffered through covenants extinct from degradation and destruction of values university scientific, ethical, and neglecting all human values and Alajtmaibh sound safe our society also suffered from a violation of the independence of universities and inviolable scientific and legal point, that recruitment possibilities Iraq and wealth in the service of arms and service the machine of war led to the failure to look at various levels of education and exposure to harsh conditions, including faculty and students, which led to the migration of bright minds, including university professors and leak large numbers of students entering the labor market due to the poor economic situation of the importance of education on the other. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 195 PDF Download: 165 |
||