The Role of some of Bio -Control Fungi in Decomposing Wheat Straw( Triticum aestivum L.)and Improvement of Growth and Productivity of Rice) Oryza sativa L.( Class Anber -33 | ||
| Kufa Journal for Agricultural Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 4, Issue 1, April 2012, Pages 265-272 | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using biocontrol fungi - Trichoderma harzianum .austaralian(T.h.a) . and Trichoderma harzianum .tahadi (T.h.t) and Chaetumium elatum( C.e) isolates on decomposing wheat straw and its role in development the and productivity of rice anber-33 .To attaining these aims , two experements were carryied out , the first was alaboratory experiment that included isolation, purification fungi from rice field and comparing their pathogenetic, promotional abilities by planting rice seeds in patri-dish containing biocontrol fungi, The field experiment was conducted in two regions at AL- Herra , and Agriculture college / AL-Najaf AL-Alashraf governorate for growing season 2010. Results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1 -The genous Aspergillus showed the frequency 23.53% at the start of growing , while Trichoderma reached the highest frequency 39.00% at the end of growing . 2 – Treatments with the biological control fungi , T.h.a. and T.h.t., caused 96.34%, 95.32% germination percentage of rice seeds and aseed rot percentage of 1.74 , 2.48% whereas the damping-off rice seedling was 0% for both fungi as compared with control 87.40,4.12,1.1 and 85.32% respectively. 3- T.h.t. and Rhizoctonia solani ( non pathogenic ) showed an important results in the field of controlling of Echinchola weeds grown in petri dishes and spots , Echinchola germination percentage reached 8.22, 16.55% in petri dishes and 20.56% , 12.65% in spots respectively , in addition to they attained a asignificant differences on rice growth parameters. Also T.h.a and its filtrates caused the highest germination percentage and lowest seeds rot seedling damping-off in patri-dish , T.h.a also showed asignificant differences in plumile and radicle length , fresh and dry weight of rice and Echinchola in compare with control . 4- The treated wheat straw with the spores suspension (10-4) of biocontrol agent T.h.a. plus ( NP) gave a significant differences in the growth and productivity parameters of rice crop in the two region, it gave the highest plant 133.70,132.10 cm in compare with control 127.10,126.54 respectively, led to seed sets 89.1,88.9% in compare with control 84.6,84.4% respectively, panicle length 28.61,28.14cm than the control 25.91,25.69 cm respectively , weight of 1000 grains in the two field 21.87,21.68gm than the control 20.93,20.65gm respectively, finally this treatment gave a significant grain yield 6.088,6.035 tons/h in compare with control 5.450,5.380 tons/h. | ||
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