Accouterments of organic pollution on autotomy and regeneration of Sesarma boulengeri (Calman, 1920) in Shatt al-Arab, Basrah, Iraq | ||
Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences | ||
Volume 14, Issue 4, December 2023, Pages 235-242 PDF (872.01 K) | ||
Document Type: Research Paper | ||
DOI: 10.58928/ku23.14421 | ||
Authors | ||
Hussam M. Al-Kanani* 1; Makia M. Al-Hejuje* 2; Entesar N. Sultan3 | ||
1Department of Fish and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq. | ||
2Department of Ecology, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq | ||
3Department of Fish and Marine Resources- College of Agriculture- University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq | ||
Abstract | ||
Sesarma boulangeri (Calman 1920), a type of freshwater invertebrate, was collected between January and December 2022 from three stations at the Shatt AL-Arab River, Basrah/ Iraq in order to conduct the research. The goal of the study was to determine the effect of organic pollution on autotomy in this species of crab. The organisms were subjected to varying levels of organic contamination in the river that came from sewage, farming activities, boat traffic, and transportation of products and oil derivatives using the organic pollution index (OPI). The left fifth leg's object was the reason for the autotomy. According to the characteristics of the water quality impacted by the oscillation, the cut creatures have varied indicators in response to the aquatic species. As a result, an extended period of growth for the regenerated portions is caused by the rise in organic contaminants in the water. Thus, the present findings indicate that S. boulengeri exposed to high amounts of organic pollution has a slower rate of replacing the cut component than control animals, that the growing bud is more vulnerable to distortion, and that the period of compensating for the cut part is longer. According to the OPI result shows that the first station has significant difference (P<0.05) as compared to the sconed and third stations wish did not difference. | ||
Keywords | ||
Autotomy,,; ,،Sesarma boulangeri,,; ,،R- Value,,; ,،OPI,,; ,،Regeneration | ||
References | ||
[1] APHA (American Public Health Association). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21th ed, Washington, D.C. 2005;1193 pp.
[2] Friberg N, Sriver J, Larson SE, Pedersen ML, Buffagin A. Stream macroinvertebrate occurrence along gradients in organic pollution and eutrophication. Freshwater Biology. 2010, 55.7: 1405-1419. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02164.x
[3] Mamert OF, Hubert ZTS, Ernest K, Lié NTN, Siméon T. Influence of municipal and industrial pollution on the diversity and the structure of benthic macro-invertebrate community of an urban river in Douala, Cameroon Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 2016,8: 120-133.
[4] Tachet H, Richoux P, Bournaud M, Usseglio - Polatera P. Invertébrés d'eau douce. Systématique, biologie écologie. Paris, CNRS éditions, 2010, 592 p. [In French].
[5] Ramsay K, Bergmann M, Veale LO, Richardson CA, Kaiser MJ, Vize SJ, Feist SW. Damage, autotomy and arm regeneration in starfish caught by towed demersal fishing gears. Marine Biology 2001, 138: 527–536. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002270000487
[6] Mariappan PC, Balasunderam C, Schmitz B. Decapod crustacean chelipeds: an overview. Journal of Biosciences 2000, 25: 301–313. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02703939
[7] Taylor PW, and Jackson RR. Interacting effects of size and prior injury in jumping spider conflicts. Animal Behavior. 2003;65: 787–794. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2003.2104
[8] Wilkie IC. Autotomy as a prelude to regeneration in echinoderms. Microscopy research and technique. 2001; 55:369. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1185
[9] Calman TW. A new crab of the genus Sesarma from Basrah. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 1920; 9:62-65. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932008632342
[10] Ali MH. Studies on the ecological behaviour of the crab Sesarma boulengeri Calman from Shatt AL-Arab M.Sc. Thesis, University of Basrah, Iraq. 1979.
[11] Waterman TH. The physiology of crustacea. Academic Press, 1969; 1:561-589.
[12] Saleem FM and Hussein NA. Evaluating the level of organic pollution in the northern and central part of the Shatt al-Arab by applying the modified organic pollution index. Basra Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2013; 26:207-221 [In Arabic].
[14] EPA (Environmental Protection Agency). Ambient Water Quality Criteria Recommendations Rivers and Streams in Nutrient, Eco region X. 2001; 28 pp.
[16] Vander Valk AG. The biology of fresh water wetlands. Oxford University press, 2006; 173 pp.
[17] Mitsch WJ and Gosselink JG. Wetland 3rd edition. Jhon Wiley. NewYork, 2000; 920 pp.
[18] Al-Ankush MAT. Monitoring of Shatt Al-Arab River using water quality environment modeling and Benthic diatoms indices, University of Basra. 2013; 222 pp.
[19] Twomey L. and John J. Effect of rain full and salt wedge movement on phytoplankton succession in the swan-canning estuary, wastern Australian. Hydrology Process. 2001; 15: 2655-2669.
[20] Weis P. and Weis J S. The developmental toxicity of metals and metalloids in fish. Metal Ecotoxicology, MI. 1991:145-169.
[21] Jamall IS. and Roque H. Cadmium induced alternations in ocular trace mineral. Biol. Trace Elemt. Research, 1990; 23: 55-75.
[22] Itow T, Kenmochi S, Mochizuki T. Induction of secondary embryos by intra- and inter specific grafts of center cell under the blastopore in horseshoe crabs. Develop. Growth Differ., 1991; 33: 251-258.
[23] Weis P, Cristini A., Rao KR. Effects of pollution on molting and regeneration in crustacean. American Zoologic, 1992; 32: 495-500. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/32.3.495
[24] Ballarin L, Rinkevich B, Bartscherer K, Burzynski A, Cambier S, Cammarata M, Domart-Coulon I, Drobne D, Encinas Frank U, Geneviere AM, Hobmayer B, Lohelaid H, Lyons D, Martine P, Oliveri P, Peric L, Piraino S, Ramsak A, Rakers S, Rentzsch F, Rosner A, Henriques da Silva T, Somorjai IML, Suleiman S, Varela Coelho A. Maristem - stem cells of marine/aquatic invertebrates: from basic research to innovative applications. Sustainability 10, 526. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10020526
[25] Pushpalath E, Ramesh PR, Sudhakar S. Response to autotomy in anesthetized freshwater crab, Paratelphusa hydrodromous (Herbst). Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology. 2014;5: 27-28 https://e-journal.sospublication.co.in.
[26] Colborn T, Vom soal FS, Soto AM. Developmental effect of endocrine distrupting chemicals in wild life and humans. Environmental health perspectives, 1993; 101: 378-384. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.93101378
[27] Weis JS, Mal A. Effect of the pesticide diflubenzuron on larval horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 1987; 39, 224-228
[28] Itow T. Grafting of center cells of horseshoe crab embryos into host embryos at different developmental stages. Zoological science. 1993; 10, 85-92. | ||
Statistics Article View: 69 PDF Download: 38 |