Effect of Rosemary Extract on Some Internal Organs of Young Male Albino Rats: A Histological Study | ||
Iraqi Journal of Pharmacy | ||
Article 5, Volume 20, Issue 1, June 2023, Pages 33-40 PDF (1.13 M) | ||
Document Type: Research Paper | ||
DOI: 10.33899/iphr.2023.139151.1029 | ||
Authors | ||
Eman Ghanim sheet* 1; Zahraa taboo1; Nadthem AL-Kassim2; Waleed kasim1 | ||
1Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ninevah, Mosul, Iraq | ||
2Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq | ||
Abstract | ||
Background: "Rosmarinus officinalis"( rosemary) is a natural herb that is used by humans for the treatment of many conditions. The extract of this plant has been used as an antioxidant to improve memory, stimulate hair growth, treat asthma, treat gastric ulcers, and even, some time ago, prevent and treat cancer. Aim: This work was performed to study the effect of different doses of rosemary extract on some internal organs of young albino rats whose mothers were treated with rosemary extract throughout the lactation period (21 days). Methods: The animals were classified into three groups: the first was regarded as the control, in which mothers received no treatment, while mothers in the second and third groups were treated orally with rosemary aqueous extract (prepared by using leaves of this plant) at doses of 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg respectively. At the end of the study, the young male rats from different groups were sacrificed, and their livers, kidneys, and testes were prepared for histological examination. Results: The physical and histological assessment of the offspring showed that treatment of lactating mothers with a high dose of rosemary extract (1000 mg/kg) affected the health of their young infants as they failed to gain weight and revealed some atrophic and degenerative changes in their liver and kidney, while the germinal epithelium of the testis is restricted to the spermatogonia and primary spermatocyte with a significant reduction in Leydig cells number compared to other groups. Conclusion: The research concluded that a high dose of rosemary extract, rather than a modest dose, can affect the health of young infants whose mothers were treated with this extract during lactation, so this plant has teratogenicity and should be avoided by humans during pregnancy and lactation. | ||
Keywords | ||
Rosemary; Extract; Histopathological study; Albino rats | ||
References | ||
1- Hosseinimehr SJ. Beneficial effects of natural products on cells during ionizing radiation. Reviews on Environmental Health 2014;29(4):341-53.
2- Boyd A, Bleakley C, Hurley DA, Gill C, Hannon-Fletcher M, Bell P, McDonough S. Herbal medicinal products or preparations for neuropathic pain. Cochrane Library: Cochrane Reviews 2019;4(4):CD010528.
3- Moore J, Yousef M, Tsiani E. Anticancer effects of rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis) extract and rosemary extract polyphenols. Nutrients 2016;8(11):731.
4- Akela MA, El AtrashAM, El KilanyMI and Tousson E. Qualitative and quantitative characterization of biologically active compounds of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) leafextract. Journal of Advanced Trends in Basic & Applied Science 2018;2(1):59-64.
5- Liu Q, Tian J, Xu Y, Li C, Meng X, Fu F. Protective effect of ra on myocardial infarction-induced cardiac fibrosis via AT1R/p38 MAPK pathway signaling and modulation of the ACE2/ACE ratio. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2016;64(35):6716-22.
6- Rehab ME, Maha AA, Mariah AA and Amira SA. Beneficial role of rosemary aqueous extracts against bolden one induced cardiac toxicity, injury and oxidative stress, in male rats. International Journal of Pharmacology 2020,16:136-144.
7- Tousson E , Masoud A, Hafez E, Almakhatreh M. Protective role of rosemary extract against etoposide induced liver toxicity, injury and ki67 alterations in rats. Journal of Bioscience and Applied Research 2019;5(1):1-7.
8- Waheed SA, Mustafa YF. Synthesis of coumarin-based derivatives from different starting materials: A review of ongoing developments. Iraqi Journal of Pharmacy 2022;18(2):126–38.
9- Kong F, Wang S, Dai D, Cao Z, Wang Y, Li S, Wang W. Preliminary investigation of the effects of rosemary extract supplementation on milk production and rumen fermentation in high-producing dairy cows. Antioxidants 2022;11(9):1715.
10- Nusier MK, Bataineh HN, Daradkah HM. Adverse effects of rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis L) on reproductive function in adult male rats. Experimental Biology and Medicine 2007;232(6):809-13.
11- Hamza FZ, Al-Sharafi NM, Kasim F. Effect of aqueous rosemary extract on some sexual hormones in male rats with high thyroxine level. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences 2021;35(2):369-373.
12- Luciana DS, Clarissa BH, Luiz CK, Andrea DD et al . Evaluation of the effects of Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) essential oil and its major compound (1,8-Cineole) on rat fertility and fetal skeleton morphology. Toxicology 2021;17:114-20
13- Christopoulou SD, Androutsopoulou C, Hahalis P, Kotsalou C, Vantarakis A, Lamari FN. Rosemary Extract and essential oil as drink ingredients: an evaluation of their chemical composition, genotoxicity, antimicrobial, antiviral, and antioxidant properties. Foods 2021;10(12):3143.
14- Al-Attar AM, Shawush NA. Influence of olive and rosemary leaves extracts on chemically induced liver cirrhosis in male rats. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2015;22(2):157-63.
15- Hegazy RA, Hegazy AA. Simplified method of tissue processing (consuming less time and freely available chemicals). Annals of International Medical and Dental Research 2019;1(2):58-60. 16-Pomar CA, Castillo P, Palou M, Palou A, Picó C. Implementation of a healthy diet to lactating rats attenuates the early detrimental programming effects in the offspring born to obese dams. Putative relationship with milk hormone levels. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 2022;107:109043.
17- Sim T, Hattingh H, Sherriff J, Tee L. The Use, perceived effectiveness and safety of herbal galactagogues during breastfeeding: a qualitative study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2015;12(9):11050-71.
18- Moss M, Cook J, Wesnes K, and Duckett P. Aromas of rosemary and lavender essential oils differentially affect cognition and mood in healthy adults. International Journal of Neurology and Neurotherapy 2003;113:15-38. 19- Lönnerdal B. Breast milk: a truly functional food. Nutrition 2000;16:509–11.
20- Picó C, Reis F, Egas C, Mathias P, Matafome P. Lactation as a programming window for metabolic syndrome. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 2021;51:e13482.
21- Omar CA, Kuda O, Kopecky J, Rombaldova M, Castro H, Picó C, et al. Maternal diet, rather than obesity itself, has a main influence on milk triacylglycerol profile in dietary obese rats. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids 2020;1865:158556.
22- Motaghi S, Shohreh B, Nazem M, Ahmadusefi N. Effects of long-term administration of Rosemarinus officinalis essential oil on blood factors and liver and kidney cells in adult rats. Anatomical Sciences Journal 2021; 18 (1) :23-30.
23-Mohamed ME, Younis NS, El-Beltagi HS, Mohafez OM. The Synergistic hepatoprotective activity of rosemary essential oil and curcumin: the role of the mek/erk pathway. Molecules 2022; 27(24):8910.
24- Saied M, Ali K, Mosayeb A. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil alleviates testis failure induced by etoposide in male rats. Tissue Cell 2023;81:102016.
25- Aghamiri S M, Eslami Farsani M, Seyedebrahimi R, Sarikhani M J, Ababzadeh S. Synergic effects of rosemary extract and aerobic exercise on sperm parameters and testicular tissue in an aged rat model. Gene Cell Tissue. 2022. https://doi.org/10.5812/gct-130832.
26- Binzet, G, Binzet R, and Arslan H. The essential oil compositions of Rosmarinus officinalis L. leaves growing in Mersin, Turkey. European Journal of Chemistry 2020;11 (4):370-76.
27- Xu J, Hu ZQ, Wang C, Yin ZQ, Wei Q, Zhou LJ, Li L, Du YH, Jia RY, Li M, Fan QJ, Liang XX, He CL, Yin LZ. Acute and subacute toxicity study of 1,8-cineole in mice. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology 2014;7(4):1495-501.
28- Caldas GFR, Limeira MMF, Araújo AV, Albuquerque GS, da Costa Silva-Neto J, da Silva TG, et al. Repeated doses and reproductive toxicity studies of the monoterpene 1, 8-cineole (eucalyptol) in Wistar rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology 2016;97:297-306. | ||
Statistics Article View: 359 PDF Download: 445 |