Determine the Impact of Bacterial Contents on the Quality of Tap Water in Hawija District Desalination Station. | ||
Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies | ||
Article 3, Volume 18, Issue 1, March 2023, Pages 24-30 PDF (208.3 K) | ||
Document Type: Research Paper | ||
DOI: 10.32894/kujss.2022.136319.1080 | ||
Authors | ||
Muhannad Taha Ahmed Deidan1; Rushdi Sabah Abdulqader* 2 | ||
1Department of Biology, College of Education for pure sciences, University of Kirkuk. Kirkuk-IRAQ | ||
2Biology Department, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Kirkuk University, Kirkuk, Iraq | ||
Abstract | ||
Polluted tap water with coliform and fecal bacteria produced from the desalination plant of Hawija district/Kirkuk governorate was studied from November 2021 Until April 2022. Ten sites located on Hawija district named 1-10 were selected in this study on the feeding channel, the desalination stages plant and the distribution grid in the district. Total bacterial count and values of coliform cells per 100 ml of water sample was examined. The results of the study indicated that the filtration plant was operating with high efficiency in removing bacterial contaminants in most sites after desalination plant. Sites 5,6 recorded undictable average values and site 9 recorded lower average values (8.33 cell/100ml) respectively. The study also showed that the distribution grid is weak because the obsolescence of the pipes in some residential neighborhoods with average coliform values 17cell/100ml and 17.17 cell/100 ml in sites 8 and 7 respectively as contamination was recorded in some selected water samples. In reference to the results of the station operates with high efficiency and the tap water produced from it was within the Iraqi and international standards for drinking water. | ||
Keywords | ||
Fecal bacteria; Total count; Water quality index; desalination plant; Hawija | ||
References | ||
[1] Reidh A Abdul Jabar, Ali AZ Al-Lami, Rushdi S Abdul Khader, and Aseel G Rahdi. Effects of some physical and chemical factors of lower zab water on tigris river. Tikrit Journal of pure science, 13(1):132–142, 2008.
[2] Ali El-Naqa and Amal Al Raei. Assessment of drinking water quality index (wqi) in the greater amman area, jordan. Jordan Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 12(4):306–314, 2021.
[3] Abdullah Othman, Omar B Ahmed, Abotalib Z Abotalib, Ali Sayqal, Hamza Assaggaf, and Jahan Zeb. Assessment of supplied water quality during mass gatherings in arid environments. Journal of King Saud University-Science, 34(4):101918, 2022, doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2022.101918.
[4] Omar Mosa Ramadhan, Abdul-Aziz YT Al-Saffawi, and Mohammed HS Al-Mashhdany. Application of water quality index [ccme wqi] to assess surface water quality: A case study of khosar and tigris rivers in mosul, iraq. International Journal of Enhanced Research in Science, 7(12), 2018.
[5] Jihad D. M. Alganabi Wisam Kader Rashed Al shomeasy and Rushdi S. Abdulqader. Evaluating of drinking water quality for water treatment plant in qaratapa. 3rd scientific conferences of college of sciences-University of Tikrity, 2019.
[6] A. Y. T. Al-Saffawi and A. Y. R. Al-Asaaf. Quality assessment of tigris river water using (wqi) for drinking within nineveh governorate. In Proceedings of the 9th Sci. Conf. of Res. Center for Dams Water Resources, pages 27–28, 2018. [7] F. S. Radin Nizar, R. Mohd Ghazi, N. R. Awang, and M. Muhammad. Assessment of kelantan river water quality using water quality index (wqi). In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science., volume 842, page 012005. IOP Publishing, 2021, doi:10.1088/17551315/842/1/012005.
[8] Umara Qayoom, Sheikh Tajamul Islam, Inam Sabha, Sami Ullah Bhat, and Shahid Ahmad Dar. Coliform pollution mapping in major watersheds along Jhelum river basin of kashmir himalaya. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, pages 1–12, 2022, doi:10.1007/s11356-022-22727-0.
[9] Abdulaziz Al-Saffawi. Water quality of nimrud district wells southeast of mosul city for drinking and civil purpose using the canadian model of water quality. Pakistan Journal of Analytical Environmental Chemistry, 20: 75–81, 07 2019, doi:10.21743/pjaec/2019.06.10. [10] Abdulaziz Al-Saffawi, Alaa Al-Maathidi, and Waffaa sinjari. Assessment of drinking water quality by using water quality index (wqi) of some schools in mosul city, iraq. In 9th. Sci. Conf. of DWRRC, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq, 2018.
[11] Shuokr Qarani Aziz, Evan Ogestin Slewa, and Wali Ali Abdullah. Evaluation of water quality for lesser-zab river for various applications. Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies (KUJSS), 12(4), 2017, doi:10.32894/kujss.2017.132387.
[12] Shuokr Qarani Aziz, Evan Slewa, and Wali Abdula. Assessment of the quality of drinking water in the sabaa qusour area in the rusafa side / baghdad. Journal of the College of Basic Education for Educational and Human Sciences, 24(101):45–62, 2018, doi:10.32894/kujss.2017.132387.
[13] Bagus Reynaldi and Taty Alfiah. Analysis of residual chlorine and total coliform on consumers of perumdam maja tirta, mojokerto city. Journal of Community Based Environmental Engineering and Management, 6(2):73–78, 2022, doi:10.23969/jcbeem.v6i2. [14] M. A.J. Abdul-Baqi. The reality of water liquefaction stations in the city of mosul. Al-Rafidain Engineering Journal., 25(2):19–29, 2020.
[15] Lawrence K Wang and Mu-Hao Sung Wang. Reduction of color, turbidity, odor, humic acid, metals, edb, coliform and tthm by adsorption, flotation and filtration. Evolutionary Progress In Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts And Mathematics(STEAM), pages 1–51, 2022, doi:10.17613/r7xv-nb12.
[16] APHA (American Public Health Association). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation., 23th edition, 2017.
[17] World Health Organization and WHO. Guidelines for drinking-water quality. world health organization, 3rd edition, 2011.
[18] Happiness Anold Moshi, Daniel Abel Shilla, Ismael Aaron Kimirei, Catherine O’Reilly, Wim Clymans, Isabel Bishop, and Steven Arthur Loiselle. Com- munity monitoring of coliform pollution in lake tanganyika. Plos One, 17(1): e0262881, 2022, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262881. [19] Mir Kashem, Md Kawser Ahmed, Sayeed Mahmood Belal Haider, and Talokder Md Abdur Rouf. Assessment of total coliform and faecal coliform in the recreational beach water and offshore water of saint martin island, cox’s bazar, bangladesh. 2022, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs1864126/v1.
[20] Happiness Anold Moshi, Daniel Abel Shilla, Ismael Aaron Kimirei, Catherine O’Reilly, Wim Clymans, Isabel Bishop, and Steven Arthur Loiselle. Community monitoring of coliform pollution in lake tanganyika. Plos one, 17(1):e0262881, 2022, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262881.
[21] Roopali Roychowdhury, Madhumita Roy, Sufia Zaman, and Abhijit Mitra. Study on the health of hooghly estuary in terms of coliform load. Techno o International Journal of Health, Engineering, Management Sci, 2:40–47, 2022.
[22] AP Annachhatre and J Jeganaesan. Sulfate reducing bacteria in wastewater treatment. ARRRET) Asian Institute of Technology, 1(1):2–3, 2001.
[23] Reem A Al-Shanona, Azhar YR Al-Assaf, and Abdulaziz YT Al-Saffawi. Assessment of the health safety of bottled drinking water in iraqi local markets using the wqi model. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2213(1): 020096, 2020, doi:10.1063/5.0000357.
[24] NNA Puspitasari and MP Hadi. Effects of land use on the number of coliform bacteria in boyong river, sleman. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1089(1): 012075, 2022, doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1089/1/012075.
[25] Rossitah Selamat, Ismail Abustan, Mohd Rizal Arshad, and Nurul Hana Mokhtar Kamal. Removal of Escherichia coli using low-frequency electromagnetic field in river- bank filtration. Water and Wastewater Treatment, 95, 2019, doi:10.5772/intechopen.85296. [26] Muhammad Muhammad, Arsalan Hamid Khan, Muhammad Musab Sheth, Shanzar Butt, Asadullah Shakeel, and Syed Saboor Tariq. Prevalence of e. coli and coliform bacteria in the dental unit waterlines of private clinics of islamabad and rawalpindi: E. coli and coliform bacteria in the dental unit waterlines. Pakistan BioMedical Journal, pages 121–124, 2022, doi:10.54393/pbmj.v5i6.585.
[27] Patrick Gwimbi, Maeti George, and Motena Ramphalile. Bacterial contamination of drinking water sources in rural villages of mohale basin, lesotho: exposures through neighbourhood sanitation and hygiene practices. Environmental health and preventive medicine, 24(1):1–7, 2019, doi:10.1186/s12199-019-0790-z. [28] Kwestan Hassan Sdiq, Layla Aladdin Mohamed Aladdin, Bakhtyar Abullah Othman, and Sewgil Saaduldeen Anwer. Limnological study in upstream and downstream degala basin water body within erbil city-iraq. Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies, 17(1):16–29, 2022, doi:10.32894/kujss.2022.131488.1046.
[29] Thomas Kwame Boateng, Francis Opoku, Samuel Osafo Acquaah, and Osei Akoto. Groundwater quality assessment using statistical approach and water quality in- dex in ejisu-juaben municipality, ghana. Environmental Earth Sciences, 75(6):1–14, 2016, doi:10.1007/s12665015-5105-0. [30] Ehsan Kamali Maskooni, Mehran Naseri-Rad, Ronny Berndtsson, and Kei Nakagawa. Use of heavy metal content and modified water quality index to assess ground-water quality in a semiarid area. Water, 12(4):1115, 2020, doi:10.3390/w12041115. | ||
Statistics Article View: 75 PDF Download: 50 |