الشِّجَاجُ الوَاصِلَةُ إلى الْعَظْمِ حَقِیقَتُها وَأَحْکَامُهَا بین الشَّریعَةِ وَالطِّبِّ

السبیل, د. عبدالملک بن محمد

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الشِّجَاجُ الوَاصِلَةُ إلى الْعَظْمِ حَقِیقَتُها وَأَحْکَامُهَا بین الشَّریعَةِ وَالطِّبِّ

مجلة جامعة الأنبار للعلوم الإسلامیة

Article 7, Volume 14, Issue 1, Winter 2023, Page 213-267 PDF (2005 K)

Document Type: بحث

DOI: 10.34278/aujis.2023.177965

Author

د. عبدالملک بن محمد السبیل

عضو هیئة التدریس فی کلیة الدراسات القضائیة والأنظمة جامعة أم القرى

Abstract

تطرق هذا البحث إلى عددٍ من الشجاج التی ذکرها الفقهاء.

والشجاج: هی ما یحصل على الإنسان من جنایة تؤدی إلى قطع جلد، أو شق لحم، أو کسر عظم، مما یکون فی الوجه أو الرأس خاصة. وقد اقتصر هذا البحث على الشجاج الواصلة إلى العظم، وهی خمس شجاج: الموضحة- الهاشمة-المنقلة-المأمومة(الآمة)- الدامغة. وبینتُ فی کل شجة: المعنى اللغوی، والوصف الطبی، والحکم الفقهی، ومن ثم الأنماط المتعلقة بها.أهم نتائج البحث: أن الفقهاء قدیماً لم یثبتوا القصاص فی الشجاج إلا فی الموضحة. أن الموضحة هی التی تقطع جمیع طبقات الجلد الثلاث، وجمیع طبقات العضلات، کما تقطع سمحاق العظم وتقف علیه. أن الهاشمة هی الشجة التی تبدأ بأول ضرر یقع على العظم فیدخل فیه الکسر البسیط، کما یدخل فیه الکسر الشَّعری. أن المنقلة هی التی تؤدی إلى خروج أجزاء من العظام فیدخل فیها: الکسر المضاعف، والمفتت، والمنخسف. أن الجلدة التی تسمى "أم الدماغ"، هی التی تسمى طبیاً بـ "الأم الجافیة". أن خرق "الأم الجافیة" یؤدی إلى موت ما نسبته من 50-90% على نحو سریع

Keywords

الشجاج; الموضحة; الهاشمة; المنقلة; المأمومة; الآمة; الدامغة; الأم الجافیة; الدماغ

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