ASSESSMENT OF TEACHERS KNOWLEDGE RELATED TO STUDENTS SCHOOL PHOBIA AT PRIMARY SCHOOLS

ASSESSMENT OF TEACHERS KNOWLEDGE RELATED TO STUDENTS SCHOOL PHOBIA AT PRIMARY SCHOOLS

Shaimaa Ab. Kkadim¹, Suad Hassoon Khudhair ² *

1. Department of paediatric nursing, College of Nursing, University of baghdad, City of Baghdad, Iraq;
2. Department of paediatric nursing, College of Nursing, University of baghdad, City of Baghdad, Iraq;

Corresponding author:Shaimaa Ab. Kkadim

Email: Shaimaa.Abdulmoeen1204a@conursing.uobaghdad.edu.iq

ORCID

Received: 03 September 2021, Accepted: 15 December 2021, Available online: 20 January 2022

INTRODUCTION

Behavior of school refusal, or a child' rejection of motivations to travel to school associated was one of the foremost common constructs that tutorial associate degreed status professionals have studied over the past century which mean that the students unable to stay in classes for a whole or part of day. School rejection behaviors is a concept term that refer to many behaviors attended with problem of absenteeism, and ivolves phobia of school, truancy, and anxiety-based school phobia that' reflected in an passing vary of psychotic physiological, cognitive, and motor reactions that expressed by folks inside the school and are referred to as ambiguous, threatening, and / or dangerous (García-Fernández and Martínez-Monteagudo, 2014).

school refusal (also referred to as phobic disorder or school turning away) has been printed as a refusal to attend school or issue remaining at college for a whole day. Behaviors embrace frequent absences, skipping classes, chronically late for school, severe wrongful conduct before school, or attending school with nice fear. social phobia needs to be outlined every symptomatically and operationally as a result of the cause for the anxiety. School rejection happens in on the point of 5% of kids (AAP, 2017).

            One of the most common problems among children in primary schools is school phobia, where the behavior of children with school phobia, their feelings and attitudes towards school are affected. New techniques every school morning for the purpose of getting their parents to be persuaded and supported not to go to school. (Sahel,2019).

When a child starts school and is associated with the fear of the unknown, school phobia may appear. The occurrence of school phobia leads to stressful situations, such as the need to comply with group rules, laws, change of school or place of residence, divorce of parents, difficult exams, also the child tends to depression and anxiety Sources of school phobia can be found through parental bad reactions, for example using tactics to threaten children at school, parents talking about their past fearful experiences related to school, or parental dissatisfaction with poor grades obtained by older children. The child's fear of school may be Because of the hostility of teachers and the school administration. (Last, 2012).

METHOD

A descriptive study design was conducted in 6 primary school at Amara City / Iraq during the period from the 23th december 2021 to 20th July 2022.The study is held up with teachers in order to accept participation: the data are collected by using the questionnaire structured format through interview technique. Each teacher is interviewed personally by the researcher and self-report technique, throughout each interview explanation of each interview takes approximately from (one hour).To assess teachers’ knowledge's about students school phobia at primary schools; the researcher has constructed and developed a questionnaire – interview format for the purpose of the study; such development is employed through the available literature, clinical background and interview with teachers who working in primary school .  These questions are measured on a lickert scale of (2)scales indicate that the answer is correct as (I know) (2) and (1) indicates the teachers had no idea as (I don't know).  Test  – retest reliability is set through a computation of Pearson Correlations for the scales reliability is bothered with the consistency and dependability of the analysis instrument. Determination of reliability of the form relies on Cronbach’s Alpha reliability. Through the employment of test and retest approach obtained through evaluating 10 teachers designated from primary school, the results of teachers' knowledge regarding the lecturers knowledge about school phobia are (60) items (r= 0.86) for knowledge.The data of the present study were analyzed through the use of Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.

RESULTS

Table (1) showed that the most of age group were 12(48%) of teachers within (25-30 years). while the subject gender 18(72%) of teachers were female. In relation to the years of experience in the primary schools, 8 (32%) of teachers in the study have service (1-5 years).

Concerning the achievement education, the more than two-third of participants of teachers were have them diploma 17(68. Concerning training courses all teachers have don’t participate training courses about school phobia 25(100%). Above table showed that more than half of participants 13(52%) in study sample have information about school phobia. Regarding main source of information about school phobia, In the study sample, the source was varied, including 10(40%) such as (television, book, and the internet), while in the control the source was internet 14(56%). And the more than half of participants of teachers were don’t deals with a child who has a school phobia 16(64%).

The results of table (2) revealed the teachers' knowledge for all items concerning students school phobia at primary school for teachers were poor.  total overall items the I know responses for teachers as 23.6% , with mean of scores (1.24).

Table above (3) shows that there is a statistical significance association between teachers’ knowledge about school phobia and ( gender, level of education and years of experience) in the primary schools  and other demographic (age, information about school phobia and dealing with school phobia) haven't any statistical association at (P < 0.05).

Table 1. Demographic characteristics related to participants.

Table 2.Responses Distribution of teachers ' about students' school phobia .

Table 3: Association between the level of teacher' knowledge and their demographic: