The relationship between Nurses' Demographic Attributes and the Quality of Nursing Care Provided to Stroke Patients

The relationship between Nurses' Demographic Attributes and the Quality of Nursing Care Provided to Stroke Patients

Omer Suliman Jeyad¹, Tahseen Rajab Muhammed²

1. MSN, Al-Anbar Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Baghdad, Iraq.
2. PhD, Assistant Professor, Adult Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

Corresponding author:Omer Suliman Jeyad

Email: omar.salman1202b@conursing.uobaghdad.edu.iq

Received: 21 June 2022, Accepted: 14 July 2022, Available online: 21 July 2022.

INTRODUCTION

Stroke is a clinical syndrome characterized by fast onset of functional incapacity, and it is the leading cause of mortality globally (Timby B et al., 2015). According to the World Health Organization, between 20% and 50% of persons who suffer from a stroke are at risk of dying, depending on the severity of the stroke. depending on the severity of the stroke, the patient's age, and other factors management effectiveness (WHO, 2017).

Stroke is the major cause of long-term functional disability, with 50% to 70% of survivors functionally independent and 15% to 30% living with lifelong disability (Aslani Z et al., 2016). Additionally, 32% will use home healthcare services, while 26% will require long-term care (Summers D et al., 2009).

The World Health Organization defines a stroke, sometimes known as a "brain attack," as a "neurological impairment of cerebrovascular etiology that lasts longer than 24 hours or is interrupted by death within 24 hours" (Luker et al., 2017). Ischemic strokes account for more than three-quarters of all strokes, while hemorrhagic strokes account for the remaining 20% (Due to rupture of a blood vessel) (Sacco et al., 2013; Sims et al., 2010).

Stroke is caused by the following risk factors: being overweight, being elderly, and having a family history of stroke. 55 years of age or older, a personal history of stroke, a sedentary lifestyle, and a proclivity to drink and smoke (Moreau et al., 2016; Naess et al., 2012).

The following are some of the symptoms of a stroke: limb weakness, sensory deficits, aphasia, dysphagia, visual field deficit, coordination issues, and cognitive impairment (Miller et al., 2010). Depression and decreased physical activity are also typical complaints among stroke survivors (Lincoln et al., 2013). Treatment must begin as soon as a stroke is diagnosed, because prompt medical attention is critical in reducing disability and the risk of mortality (Jakel et al., 2012).

METHOD

Design

This paper is the published part of a larger study which used the descriptive cross-sectional study design approach is done by observational the members of the study population, with the aim of describing the studied phenomenon in terms of its nature and degree of existence only. The descriptive cross-sectional approach is done by observation of the study participants about the quality of nursing care provided for stroke patients. Since the problem of the study is related to the present, and that its study will be done through three observational checklist, as well as the aim of this study is to stop at the limit of description of the study variables (quality of nursing care), and therefore the appropriate approach is the cross sectional designs, which depends on the study of the phenomenon and the statement of its characteristics and size, as well as the collection and interpretation of information.

Administrative Arrangements

The official permissions were obtained from relevant authorities before collecting the study data as follow: Approval from the University of Baghdad/ College of Nursing Council for the study. Official permissions from Ministry of Planning (CSO) 'Central Statistical Organization'. Official permissions were also obtained from the Anbar Health Directorate (Training and Development Division) to formally access the hospital. Official permission has been obtained from Fallujah Teaching Hospital.

Setting of the Study

The study was carried out in Anbar Province, at Fallujah Teaching Hospital. This hospital belongs to the Anbar Health Department and has an area of 80,000 square meters. There are four buildings: the main building, the doctor's residence, the services building, and the information building. It includes diagnostic departments, outpatient clinics and consultations (15 special departments), emergency department (20 beds + 2 operating rooms + 6 examination rooms + side laboratories), imaging departments (computed tomography + magnetic resonance + x-rays + ultrasound + mammography), Laboratories: (bacteria laboratories + autopsy + biochemistry + urine analysis + blood bank + hormone + sterility) and pharmacy.

Sample of the Study

The non-probability (purposive) sample was selected to carry out the study which consists of (50) nurses who are deals with stroke is selected among nurses who working at emergency department, medical wards, and critical words.

Study Instruments

The questionnaire is one of the means to help collect data that contribute to achieving the results expected by the study, so the researcher designed this questionnaire, which aims to clarify the study objectives and significance by obtaining answers to the study’s questions.

Ethical Considerations

Ethical obligations are one of the most important things that the researcher must follow and abide it when doing the study. Before the starting of collect the data from the community that has been identified for the study, the researcher should no clarify the main purpose and desired goal of conducting this study for the sample to be including in the study, as well as adhere to the strict confidentiality of the data taken from the study sample and pledge to use it for scientific purposes related to the study only. Before the starting of gathering the data from the sample who are participating in the study, the researcher collected socio-demographic information from the nurses without informing them about the purpose of conducting the research because the topic requires it.

Methods of Data Collection

The data have been collected by constructed questionnaire (checklist) observation tool. The researcher has gathered the objective’s responses through an application of direct observation as mean of data collection. Nurses were observed while they are working in the cases of stroke patients. The researcher observed each nurse three observations and among each observation (10) days' time period.

Methods of Statistics Data Analysis

In order to statistically analyze the data collected from the study sample to arrive at the results, the researcher used the SPSS-20 and Microsoft Excel (2010) program to analyze this data and deal with it statistically, to find the relationships between the variables, and obtain the final results of the research based on a set of statistical tests.

RESULTS

Table 1: Statistical Differences in Quality of Nursing Care with regards Nurses Age (n=50)

d.f: Degree of freedom, F: F-statistic.

Findings demonstrated that there were no-significant differences in quality of nursing care with regard nurses age groups (p=0.898).

Table 2: Statistical Differences in Quality of Nursing Care with regards Nurses Gender (n=50)

SD: Standard deviation, t: t-test, d.f: Degree of freedom, p: Probability value.

Findings demonstrated that there were significant differences in quality of nursing care with regard nurses who are male (M ±SD=1.93±0.640) and those who are female (M ±SD=1.05±0.224) (t=5.922; p=0.000).

Table 3: Statistical Differences in Quality of Nursing Care with regards Nurses Education Level (n=50)

d.f: Degree of freedom, F: F-statistic.

Findings demonstrated that there were significant differences in quality of nursing care with regard nurses’ education level (p=0.000). Nurses who are bachelor’s significantly increased quality of nursing care.

Table 4: Statistical Differences in Quality of Nursing Care with regards Nurses Years of Experience (n=50)

d.f: Degree of freedom, F: F-statistic.

Findings demonstrated that there were significant differences in quality of nursing care with regard nurses’ years of experience (p=0.000). More years of experience (>10) significantly increased quality of nursing care.

Table 5: Statistical Differences in Quality of Nursing Care with regards Nurses Number of Training Courses (n=50)

d.f: Degree of freedom, F: F-statistic.

Findings demonstrated that there were significant differences in quality of nursing care with regard nurses’ number of training (p=0.000). More training (>2) significantly increased quality of nursing care.