Parametric Optimization of Laser Conduction Welding between Stainless Steel 316 and Polyethylene Terephthalate Using Taguchi Method

Khioon, Maraw A.; Hubeatir, Kadhim A.; AL-Khafaji, Mohanned M.

doi:10.30684/etj.2022.132560.1131

	Parametric Optimization of Laser Conduction Welding between Stainless Steel 316 and Polyethylene Terephthalate Using Taguchi Method
Engineering and Technology Journal
Article 4, Volume 40, Issue 12, December 2022, Pages 1642-1649 PDF (603.61 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.30684/etj.2022.132560.1131
Authors
Maraw A. Khioon¹; Kadhim A. Hubeatir^* ²; Mohanned M. AL-Khafaji³
¹Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering Dept, University of Technology,Baghdad-Iraq
²Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering Department , University of Technology,Baghdad-Iraq
³Dept. of Production Engineering and Metallurgy University of Technology
Abstract
A pulsed Nd:YAG laser with a fiber optic delivery system was used to accomplish a dissimilar joining of 316 stainless steel (SUS316) to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Laser Conduction Welding (LCW) was applied as a welding technique to achieve a lap metal/polymer joint by applying the laser from the metal side. The heat was transferred from the metal layer to the polymer layer, which caused the melting and then solidifying of the polymer at the interface. The effect of three welding parameters, laser energy density, pulse duration, and welding speed, on joint force, was studied and discussed. To measure the joint force tensile shear test was conducted. Furthermore, the Taguchi method was used as a design experiment method to optimize the welding parameters by designing an orthogonal L9 matrix. The signal-to-noise ratio of each trial was calculated and plotted. The best welding parameters that gave the highest joint force were achieved. The maximum tensile force obtained was 525 N at 250 J/cm² energy density, 15 ms pulse duration, and 20 mm/min welding speed. Finally, the comparison between the weakest and the strongest joints was carried out to show the difference between welding with the optimal parameters and any other set of parameters.
Highlights
The study showed the effectiveness of using Nd:YAG laser in welding dissimilar materials. The study results indicated that all the used parameters affected the joint force. However, the energy density had the highest effect among the other parameters, followed by the pulse duration and the welding speed. The bubble formation in the polymer side led to the weakening of the joint force. However, it can be avoided by distributing the laser energy equally on the weld line.
Keywords
Laser Conduction Welding; SUS316/PET Dissimilar Joining; Shear Test; Joint Force Taguchi Method

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