Monitoring Soil Degradation in The Mesopotamian Plain Using GIS and Remote sensing Techniques

Ziboon, Abdulrazak T.; Albayati, Muthanna M.; Dalhel, Fadhaa T.

doi:10.30684/etj.v40i5.2121

	Monitoring Soil Degradation in The Mesopotamian Plain Using GIS and Remote sensing Techniques
Engineering and Technology Journal
Article 3, Volume 40, Issue 5, May 2022, Pages 649-660 PDF (1.55 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.30684/etj.v40i5.2121
Authors
Abdulrazak T. Ziboon; Muthanna M. Albayati; Fadhaa T. Dalhel^*
Civil Engineering Dept., University of Technology-Iraq, Alsina’a street, 10066 Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract
In the present work , various remote sensing techniques have been used to investigate soil degradation in Iraq (The Mesopotamian plain) for the period (1976 - 2021) using different research and data like satellite image such as (Landsat 1-5 MSS 1976 , Landsat 4-5 TM C1 Level-1 1996, Landsat 8 2016 and sentinel-2 2021 ) , using different Program and software (ENVI 5.3 which extract data from image satellite by using TCT , EMI and NDVI indicators , Eras image 2015 use to subset area of interest ,layer stack and merge resolution , Arc GIS 10.7 use to make database and maps production ),the article use some of filters and indicators , Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Elian Mapping Index (EMI), Tasseled Cap Transformation (TCT) to extract a set of indicators (area of vegetation cover (NDVI), soil erosion index (EMI) , classification of wet and dry soils, and water cover calculation (TCT), the article will be calculate the areas accurately to know the type and causes of degradation by comparing those lands with past years by observing them with satellites for different years (advanced remote sensing techniques).
Highlights
Climate changes and the nature of the land made it vulnerable to desertification and land degradation. Agricultural lands deterioration is due to the increase of sand dunes area. Most of the expansion in sand dunes was from the western and northwestern directions to the east.
Keywords
GIS; Environment; Degradation; TCT; NDVI; EIM

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