Studying The Settlement of Backfill Sandy Soil Behind Retaining Wall Under Dynamic Loads | ||
| Engineering and Technology Journal | ||
| Article 6, Volume 38, 7A, July 2020, Pages 992-1000 PDF (1.24 M) | ||
| DOI: 10.30684/etj.v38i7A.528 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Reham E. Hamdi1; Mohamed Youssef Fattah2; Mohammed F. Aswad1 | ||
| 1Civil Engineering Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| 2Civil Engineering Department ,University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| Abstract | ||
| For a long time, the seismic examination of retaining walls has been contemplated by a few strategies dependent on the basic augmentation of Coulomb's limit equilibrium investigation. These techniques cannot gauge the removal of the refill soil upheld by the wall. A trial examination is completed to contemplate the vertical settlement on sandy soil under dynamic loads with other burden amplitudes, vibration frequencies, relative density, and various separations between the establishment and holding divider. The model balance utilized in this investigation is square. Dynamic burden test is done on cohesion less soil with three burden amplitudes (0.25 ton, 0.5 ton and 1 ton), three vibration recurrence (0.5 Hz, 1 Hz and 2 Hz), two density of sandy soil (30% loose sand and 70% dense sand) and three unique separations between the establishment and retaining wall. It has been seen that the change is increment with the burden of abundance and decreased by increasing the separation between the establishment and retaining wall. There is an unimportant result of recurrence on the aggregate settlement. The settlement decrement by incrementing the relative density. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Retaining wall; dynamic; cohesion less soil; Settlement | ||
| References | ||
|
[1] S. Okabe, “General theory of earth pressure,” J. of the Japanese Society of Civil Engineers, Tokyo, Japan, 12, 1, 1926. [2] N. Mononobe, and H. Matsuo, “On the determination of earth pressure during earthquakes,” Proceedings, World Eng. Conference, Vol. 9, 176 p, 1929. [3] H. B. Seed, and R.V. Whitman, "Design of earth retaining structures for dynamic loads," ASCE Specialty Conference, Lateral Stresses in the Ground and Design of Earth Retaining Structures, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, New York, 103-147, 1970. [4] S. Prakash, "Dynamic earth pressures," State of the Art Report-International Conference on Recent Advances on Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics, St. Louis, Missouri, Vol. III, 993-1020, 1981. [5] T. Y. Sung, “Vibrations in semi-infinite solids due to periodic surface loadings,” Proc., Symp. Dynamic Testing of Soils, ASTM Special Technical Pub. No. 156, ASTM, West Conshohocken, Pa., pp.35–54, 1953. [6] Y. J. Al-Shakarchi, M. Y. Fattah, M. Y., and A. S. Hassan, “Non-linear dynamic finite element analysis of cantilever retaining walls”, international conference on geotechnical engineering, University of Sharjah, October 3-6, 2004, Sharjah, UAE, pp. 96-104, 2004. [7] Y. Wang, Z. Shi, and S. Wang, “Response of bucket foundation in calcareous sand under horizontal dynamic loading,” The Open Ocean Engineering Journal, Vol. 3, pp. 964-973, 2005. [8] F.A. Salman, M. Y. Fattah, S. M. Shirazi, and M. Mahrez, “Comparative study on earth pressure distribution behind retaining walls subjected to line loads,” Scientific Research and Essays, Vol. 6 (11), pp. 2228-2244, 4 June, 2011, Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/SRE ISSN 1992-2248 ©2011 Academic Journals. [9] G. P. Raymond, and F. E. Komos, “Repeated load testing of a model plane strain footing,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal 15 (2), 190-201, 1978. [10] American Society of Testing and Materials ASTM, “Standard test method for specific gravity,” ASTM D 854, American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, 2010. [11] American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM), “Standard test method for particle size-analysis of soils,” ASTM D422-63 (2010), West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, 2010. [12] American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM), “Standard test method for maximum index density and unit weight of soils using a vibratory table,” ASTM D425300 (2006), West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, 2006. [13] A. M. Raheem, M. Y. Fattah, 2008, “Analysis of Retaining Wall Subjected to Earthquake Loading”, Journal of Kirkuk University – Scientific Studies, Iraq, Vol. 3, No. 1, 2008, p.p. 1-20. [14] American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) (2006). "Standard Test Method for Minimum Index Density and Unit Weight of Soils and Calculation of Relative Density" ASTM D4254-00 (2006), West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA. [15] American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM), “Standard practice for classification of soils for engineering purposes (united soil classification system),” ASTM D2487 (2006), West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, 2006. [16] M. F. Aswad, “Behavior of improved railway ballast overlying clay using geogrid,” Ph.D. thesis, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, 2016. [17] J. E. Bowles, “Foundation analysis and design,” 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., New York, 1996. [18] J. L. Paute, P. Hornych, and J. P. Benaben, “Repeated load triaxial testing of granular materials in the french network of laboratories des ponts et chausse´es,” Flexible Pavements, Proc., European Symposium Euroflex 1993, A. G.Correia, ed., Balkema, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 53–64, 1996. [19] F. A. Salman, M. Y. Fattah, D. K. Sabre, 2011, “Long term behavior of a retaining wall resting on clayey soil,” International Journal of the Physical Sciences http://www.aademicjournals.org/IJPS, Vol. 6 (4), pp. 730-745, 18 February, 2011. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 243 PDF Download: 181 |
||