Relation of Socio-Economic Status of Parents and Peers on Cigarette Smoking Behavior of Teenagers in Secondary Schools for Boys in Bnaslawa District | ||
| Mosul Journal of Nursing (Print ISSN: 2311-8784 Online ISSN: 2663-0311) | ||
| Article 1, Volume 4, Issue 1, March 2016, Pages 41-48 PDF (466.19 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Articles | ||
| DOI: 10.33899/mjn.2016.160035 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Kareem F. Aziz1; Baktyar Hosman2; Dara Abdulla3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor / Tel: 07504549298 / E. mail : drkareem2009@yahoo.com | ||
| 2Assistant Lecturer / Tel:07504946397 / E. mail : baktiar85@yahoo.com | ||
| 3Assistant Lecturer / Tel:07504488180 / Email: daraaq@yahoo.com | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background and aim: cigarette smoking is the main cause for preventable diseases and early death, so the economic status of parents and peers may affect smoking habit for adolescent. Smoking habit may cause more than 5 million deaths each year. Smoking habit may increase the risk of heart disease, respiratory disease, and more than 10 different forms of cancer .The study aimed to identify association between smoking habit and economic status of parents, peers with smoking habit of teenagers. Materials and method: It is a descriptive study, it began in 1-1- 2016 to 1-4-2016. Sample size was 99 teenagers from secondary school of Bnaslawa in Erbil , the standard questionnaire was used for data collection by self report and included socio demographic data for teenagers and question related to smoking habit and economic status. The permission was taken from general directorate of education and approval from nursing college and the questionnaire was viewed to panel of experts in nursing field, and SPSS program version 20 was used for data analysis. Results: The study indicated that most of teenagers single 88.9%, 5th class 52.5, non-smokers 51.5%, most of parents from midum economic 54.5, most of peers from low economic 52.5%, there was significant association between type of family of parents , peers with smoking habit of teenagers 0.0.34 and with address of peers with smoking habit of teenagers while there was no significant association between class, father occupation and family status with smoking habit of teenagers 0105, 0.912. Conclusion: There was high significant association between parent smokers and smoking habit among teenagers, significant association between type of family and their smoking habit, while there was not significant association between class , and father occupation with smoking habit of teenagers.The study concluded that there was significant association between address, type of family , duration smoking, and smoking habit of peers with smoking habit of teenagers while there was no significant association between class , father education , father occupation. Recommendations: depending of the outcomes of the study the researchers recommended to do health education about health risk of smoking habit for parents, peers and teenagers through mass media, seminars ,newspapers. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| peers; Parents; economic status; smoking habit | ||
| References | ||
|
Abu-Baker, NN.; Haddad, L.; Savage, C. (2010). The Influence of Secondhand Smoke Exposure on Birth Outcomes in Jordan. Int. J. Environ. Res. Pub. Health. 7(2). P.p. 616-634.
Afrasyabifar, A.; Derakhshan, A.; Sadeghi Hsanaabadi, A.; Rajayefard, A. (2000). Tendency to smoking and related factors among medical students of Shiraz University in 1998. Journal of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences. 5(19-20). P.p. 42-8.
Alghabban Saad Ibrahim. (2009). Prevalence of Current Smoking among Students in University of Kerbala. PhD Thesis. Dept. of Community Medicine/ College of Medicine/ University of Kerbala/ Kerbala/ Iraq.
Araoye, M.O. (2003). Research Methodology with Statistics for Health and Social science. Nathadex publisher Irion. P.p.118-119
Askarian, M.; Kouchak, F.; Youssef, M.; Romito, L.M. (2013). Romito comparing tobacco use knowledge, attitudes and practices between engineering students at a public and Islamic Azad university in Shiraz, Iran 2011. Int. J. Prev. Med. 4, 1154–1161.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (1998). Selected cigarette smoking initiation and quitting behaviors among high school students. United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 47(19). P.p.386- 9.
El-Ansari, W. (2002). Passive smoking in children: Facts and public health implications. East Mediterr. Health J. 8(1). P.p.74-87.
Ertas, N. (2007). Factors associated with stages of cigarette smoking among Turkish youth. Eur J Public Health. 17(2). P.p.155- 61.
Geckova, A.; Dijk, J.P.; Groothoff, J.W.; Post, D. (2002). Socio-economic differences in health risk behaviour and attitudes towards health risk behaviour among Slovak adolescents. Soz. Praventivmed. 47. P.p.233–239.
Global Youth Tabacco Survey Collaborative Group. (2002). Tobacco use among youth: a cross country comparison. Tob Control. 11(3). P.p.252- 70.
Global Youth Tabacco Survey Collaborative Group. (2002). Tobacco use among youth: a cross country comparison. Tob Control. 11(3). P.p. 252- 70.
Guindon, G.E.; Boisclair, D. (2003). Past, Current and Future Trends in Tobacco Use: HNP Discussion Paper. The World Bank: Washington, DC, USA. Available online: http://escholarship.org/ uc/item/4q57d5vp (accessed on 17 November 2010).
Hammond, D.; Fong, G.T.; McNeill, A.; Borland, R.; Cummings, K.M. (2006). Effectiveness of cigarette warning labels in informing smokers about the risks of smoking: Findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) four country survey. Tob. Control. 15. P.p. S19–S25.
Hashim, TJ. (2000). Smoking habits of students in College Of Applied Medical Science: Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J. 21(1). P.p.76-80.
Hermalin, A.I.; Lowry, D. (2010).The Age Prevalence of Smoking among Chinese Women: A Case of Arrested Diffusion. Population Studies Center, University of Michigan: Ann Arbor, MI, USA,
Madarasova Geckova, A.; Stewart, R.; Van Dijk, J. P.; Orosová, O.; Groothoff, J. (2005). Post D. Influence of socio-economic status, parents and peers on smoking behaviour of ado lescents. Eur Addict Res. 11. P.p.204–9.
Mathers, C.D.; Loncar, D. (2013). Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. Islamic Azad university in Shiraz, Iran 2011. Int. J. Prev. Med. 4. P.p.1154–1161.
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, U.S. Office on Smoking and Health. (2014).The Health Consequences of Smoking-50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Washington, DC, USA.
Pampel FC. (2005). Patterns of tobacco use in the early epidemic stages: Malawi and Zambia, 2000-2002. Am J Public Health. 95(6). 1009- 15.
Ramezankhani, A. (1999). The effect of adopting a specific hygienic attitude on habits preventing smoking among soldiers in Tehran. Doctoral Thesis. Tarbyat Modarres University. 4. P.p.118-37
Rozi, S.; Butt, ZA.; Akhtar, S. (2007). Correlates of cigarette smoking among male college students in Karachi, Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 7. P.p.312.
The World Health Organization (WHO). (2009). EMRO, Tobacco Free Initiative. Available at: http://www.emro.who.int/tfi/ countryprofile-Part6.htm. Accessed on June14 2009.
tobacco/surveillance/policy/country_profile/chn.pdf?ua=1 (accessed on 10 July 2013).
World Health Organization. (2009). Global Adult Tobacco Survey: Egypt Country Report 2009/World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. Nasr City, Egypt.
World Health Organization. (2013). WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, Country Profile China. The MPOWER Package; Geneva, Switzerland. Available online: http://www.who.int/ | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 278 PDF Download: 308 |
||