Produce the single cell protein (SCP) by the liquid cultures methods from Schanginia aegyptiaca powder by the use Aspergillus niger and testing Biological | ||
| Journal of University of Anbar for Pure Science | ||
| Article 24, Volume 2, Issue 2, August 2008, Pages 117-129 PDF (526.23 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.37652/juaps.2008.15349 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Samir Sarhan Khalil1; Dhafer Fakri Al-Rawii1; Ahmed Shehab Ahmed lafi1; Adham Ali Al-Assaffii2 | ||
| 1Department of Life Sciences/ College of Education/ University of Anbar | ||
| 2Department of Life Sciences/ College of Science/ University of Anbar | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The study was conducted to produce the single cell protein by the use of Schanginia aegyptiaca powder wastes of nutrient media and wheat hey. The aim was to grow local isolates which were already diagnosed and sieved from (Aspergillus niger) in the liquid cultures methods by using flasks in shaker incubators fermentation. The suitable conditions for production such as components media, percentage of support materials, time of incubation and type of best isolate for production were determined. Yield components of single cell protein were checked. The yield, was then used in food and the breeding media of fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster). The results were as follows :- 1- Obtaining 10 local isolates inhabiting Schanginia aegyptiaca, three of them were selected depending on the ratio of growth diameter which ranged between (5.60-6.40) cm on PDA media. 2- The selected isolates Is-3, Is-4, Is-8 with A.niger-S showed an ability to grow on the prepared media Schanginia aegyptiaca with a rate lower than the PDA media. The Is-8 isolate has been selected and diagnosed to belong to fungi A. niger-P8 with A.niger-S isolate. 3- The liquid media, prepared from the powder of Schanginia aegyptiaca and wheat hey in 1:1 percentage produced the highest yield of single cell protein 9.11 g/Lit with A. niger-P8 isolate and 8.91 g/Lit with A. niger-S isolate during 8 days incubation period. 4- The highest percentage of the parent protein in biomass was 32.12 and 32.56 from A. niger- P8 and A. niger-S isolates, respectively, and the produced protein contained low percentage of nucleic acids RNA and DNA. The totals of their percentage were 5.18% and 5.32%, and revealed that it contains 15 amino acids. The rates of amino acids were 81.4 and 80.5 g/100g of protein for the two isolates A. niger-P8 and A. niger-S, respectively, and characteristically the highest content of Aspartic; 16.12 and 15.62 g/100g of protein in the liquid cultures for the A. niger-P8 and A. niger-S isolates, respectively. revealed that production are free from toxins. 5- The use of microbial protein produced from the liquid fermentation for A. niger-P8 and A. niger-S in feeding fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster instead of Corn starch in 100% percentage gave the highest rate in the number of mature insect 1473 and 1381, for the proteins of the two isolates A. niger-P8 and A. niger-S, respectively. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Aspergillus niger | ||
| References | ||
|
1-إسماعیل، صلاح حامد (2004). الأعلاف غیر التقلیدیة فی تغذیة الحیوانات والدواجن. الدار العربیة للنشر والتوزیع. الطبعة2. 2-Christians, C.; C. Couvaraki; S. C. Georgopoules; B. Macris and V. Vomroyanni (1975). Protein content and amino acid composition of certain fungi evaluated for microbial protein production. Appl. Microbiol. 29 (2): 250-254.
3-Abraham, M.J.; R.A. Srinivasan (1980). Utilization of whey for production of microbial protein and lipid. J. Microbiol. Abstracts. 9 (6): 40 -46
4- الجنابی، خالد جاسم محمد (1998). إنتاج البروتین من الفطرین Mucor heimalis والعفن Trichoderma viride من مخلفات التمور. أطروحة دکتوراه، کلیة الزراعة – جامعة البصرة. 5- Castro, A.C.; A.J. Sinskey and S.R. Tannenbaum (1971). Reduction of nucleic acid content in Candida yeast cells by bovine pancreatic ribonucleas treatment. Appl. Microbiol. 22 (3): 422-427.
6- Ohta, S.; S.B. Maul; A.J. Sinskey and S.R. Tannenbaum (1971). Characterization of a heat shock process for reduction of the nucleic acid content of Candida utilis. J. Appl. Microbiol. 22: 415-420.
7-Anupama, A. and P. Ravindra (2001). Studies on Production of Single Cell Protein by Aspergillus in Solid State fermentation of Rice Bran. Brazilian J. Biology and Technol. 44 (1): 79-88.
8- Gregorio, A.D.; G. Mandalari; N. Arena; F. Nucita; M.M. Tripodo and R.B. Curto (2001). SCP and crud pectinase production by slurry-state fermentation o lemon pulps. Bioresource Technology. 83: 89-94.
9- Padmaja, G. and C. Balagopalan (1990). Evaluation of Single Cell Protein enriched cassava waste as an energy source in broiler ration. FAO Corporate Document Repository.
10- Baig, T.T.; M.A. Sheik and S.M. Ali (2002). Bioconversion of filter press cake (Mud) of sugar cane to Biomass protein and its biological evaluation. Pak. J. Biol. Sciences. 5 (10): 1052-1055.
11- Martin, A.C. and W.D. Barkley (1968). Seed Identification Manual. Oxford and IBH Publishing company, India.
12-مجاهد، أحمد محمد؛ تادریس، منقریوس تادریس وأبو ریا، محمد (1975). علم البیئة النباتیة. (مترجم). مطبعة الدار العربیة. بیروت. 13-الخشن، علی علی وخضر، فؤاد حسن (1957). قواعد تربیة النباتات. دار المعارف. مصر. 14- Gabriel, A.Y.; R.M. Mahmoud; M. Goma and M. Abou-Zaid (2003). Production of single cell protein from cereal by products. Agricultural Wastes. 3 (3): 229-240.
15- Harender, R.G.; S.P. Guleria and Y.S. Parmar (2007). Single Cell Protein. Science Tech Entrepreneur Journal. .63: .47-51
16- Frazier, W.C. and D.C. Westhoff (1990). Food Microbiology. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, p.398-415.
17- Hodge, S. and P. Mitchell (1997). Inhibition of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila hydei by Aspergillus niger. Dros. Inf. Serv. 80: 6-7.
18- Handan, U.; A.M. Nuri and A.O. Faruk (2002). Effect of Single Cell Protein as A protein source in Drosophila Culture. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 33: 314-317.
19- الخفاجی، زهرة محمود (1990). التقنیة الحیویة. ط1. مطابع دار الحکمة للطباعة والنشر. 20- Booth, C. (1971). Introduction to general methods, In: Methods in Microbiology. Vol. 4,
Academic press inc. London.
21- Benson, H.J. (1998). Microbiological Application. 7th Ed. WCB McGraw-Hill, USA .P.510-55.
22- Domsch, K. H.; W. Grams and T. H Aderson (1980). Compendium of Soil Fungi. Vol. L. Academic press. London.
23- Barnate, H.L.(1960). Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi, Burgess Publishing Com. U.S.A.
24- Barron, G.L. (1983). The genera of hyphomyceles from soil .Reborte Krieger publishing Company Florida.
25- Grost-Allman, C.P. and P.S. Steyn (1979). Screening methods for the detection of thirteen common mycotoxins. J. Chromatography. 195: 325-331.
26- Sawhney, S.K. and R. Singh (2000). Introductory Practical biochemistry. Narosa publishing House, New Delhi, India.
27- کرزة ، أحمد محمد خیر (1990). مبادئ الکیمیاء الحیویة لنینجر. (مترجم) المجلد الأول.منشورات جامعة حلب، کلیة الطب.مدیریة الکتب والمطبوعات الجامعیة. مطبعة أبن خلدون. دمشق. 28- Pospiech A. and S. Neuman (1995). Salting out procedure for isolation of genomic DNA. Bioresource Technol. 90: 134-141.
29- AOAC. (1980). Official Methods of Analysis. Association of official Analytical Chemists, Washington Dc. 1018.
30- Gierhart, D.L. and N.N. Potter (1978). Effect of ribonucleic a cid removal method on composition and functional properties of Candida utilis. J. Food science. 43: 1705-1713.
31- Dubois, M.J.; K.A. Gilles; J.K. Hamilton; P.A. Rebers and F. Smith (1965). Colorimetric method for determination sugar and related substance. Annual. Biochem. 28 (3): 350-356.
32- Murphy, J. and J.P. Riley (1962) A modified Single Solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters anal. Chem. Acta. 27: 31-36.
33- Eustace, A.I. and M.L. Dorothy (2001). Protein enrichment of cassava by-Products through solid-state fermentation by Fungi. The Journal of Food Technology in Africa. 6 (4): 116-118.
34-الحیدری، نظام کاظم والمصلح، رشید محجوب (1989). الأحیاء المجهریة الصناعیة. بیت الحکمة، جامعة بغداد. 35- Singh, A.; A.B. Abidi; N.S. Darmwal and A. K. Agrawal (1989). Production of protein and cellulase by Aspergillus niger in solid-state culture. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 5 (4): 451-456.
36- Blosfeld, A.M.; A.C. Filho and R. Wendhausen (2002). Using Rice Waste as the Substrate in Fermentation Processes to Obtain Useful Products. University of Blumenauer Rua Aracatuba, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Biotechnology J. 83: 254-260.
37- Rajoka, M.I.; S.H. Khan; M.A. Jabber; M.S. Awan and A.S. Hashmi (2006). Kinetics of batch single cell protein production from rice polishing with Candida utilis in continuously aerated tank reactors. Bioresource Technol. 97 (15): 1934-1941.
38-عباس، محمد ریاض (1988). الأعلاف غیر التقلیدیة فی علائق الحیوانات الزراعیة. مترجم. مطبعة جامعة بغداد. 39- Ravindar, R.; L.V. Rao and R. Pogaku (2003). Studies on Aspergillus oryzae Mutants for the Production of Single Cell Proteins from Deoiled Rice Bran. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 3: 243-246.
40-فلیح، أنوار سالم. (1981). بعض المحاولات لرفع مستوى إنتاج بروتین الخلیة الواحدة من مخلفات بنجر السکر المحلیة. رسالة ماجستیر، کلیة العلوم –جامعة الموصل. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 64 PDF Download: 55 |
||