Biological control by Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus subtilis bacteria to Fusarium chlamydosporum caused yellowing and stiffness of the detached leaves of date palm growth summit under Field conditio | ||
| Magazine of Al-Kufa University for Biology | ||
| Article 1, Volume 8, Issue 1, April 2016, Pages 403-412 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Ibraheem K; Rajaa G; Asyad A | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the pathogen cause yellowing and stiffness of the detached leaves of date palm growth summit under field conditions.The results of isolation from roots showed presence of the fungal Fusarium chlamydosporum in palm trees of Babylon and Karbala provinces , this is the first record of the fungus F.chlamydosporum on palm trees in Iraq. The initial detection of pathogenic isolates of F.chlamydosporum using red radish seeds showed that all isolates tested were pathogenic and germination Percentage ranged between 12 – 27% , and the results show the effect of isolate of F.chlamydosporum (F.c3) in the severity of injury of palm offshoots under field conditions,the isolate(F.c3) gave a significantly rise in the severity of the injury reached to 93.75% compared to comparison which was 0.0%,the treatment of addition bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum and Bacillus subtilis from concentration 6.5 x 10-6 , 5.5 x -107 (colonial unit x Ml-1) respectively, achieved protection of palm offshoots from injury with the isolate (F.c3) under field conditions, resulted in the treatment of bacteria A.chroococcum and B.subtilis to a reduction in the severity of the injury reached to 12.50% and 18.75% respectively compared to the treatment (pathogenic fungal only) that the severity of injury reach to 93.75%. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Fusarium chlamydosporum; Date palm diseases; Rhizobacteria | ||
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